Identification of Total Bioflavonoid Compound of Propolis Extract from Wild Honey Bee Hives Apis dorsata in Sumbawa Region, Indonesia

Abstract

Propolis is one of potential products derived from bee hives that contained chemical compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. This research aims to extract propolis from Sumbawa bee hives Apis dorsata and identify its total bioflavonoid compound. The method used in this research is experimental studies with two-steps extraction. First, propolis was extracted from the bee hives in maceration process with three different solvents of propylene glycol, which are 10, 20, and 30%. Second, the extraction was optimised using microwave-assisted extraction for 30 s. The Total Flavonoid Equivalent Quercetin (TFEQ) were then investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the highest propolis yield was achieved in the propolis extracted in 20% of propylene glycol with microwave-assisted extraction. On the other hand, the highest Total Flavonoid Equivalent Quercetin (TFEQ) was resulted in the propolis extracted in 30% of propylene glycol continued by microwave-assisted extraction, which is 519.05 μg/mL.